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Color Rendering: Effect of an illuminant on the color appearance of objects by conscious or subconscious comparison with their color appearance under a reference illuminant.

Color Temperature: is a characteristic of visible light that has important applications in lighting, photography, videography, publishing, manufacturing, astrophysics, and other fields. The color temperature of a light source is the temperature of an ideal black-body radiator that radiates light of comparable hue to that light source. The temperature is conventionally stated in units of absolute temperature, Kelvin (K). Higher color temperatures (5,000 K or more) are called cool colors (bluish white); lower color temperatures (2,700–3,000 K) are called warm colors (yellowish white through red).

Lumens: The lumen (symbol: lm) is the unit of luminous flux, a measure of the power of light perceived by the human eye. Luminous flux differs from radiant flux, the measure of the total power of light emitted, in that luminous flux is adjusted to reflect the varying sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths of light. The lumen is defined in relation to the candela by 1 lm = 1 cd·sr That is, a light source that uniformly radiates one candela in all directions radiates a total of 4π lumens. If the source were partially covered by an ideal absorbing hemisphere, that system would radiate half as much luminous flux—only 2π lumens. The luminous intensity would still be one candela in those directions that are not obscured.

Scotopic Vision: is the vision of the eye under low light conditions. In the human eye cone cells are nonfunctional in low light - scotopic vision is produced exclusively through rod cells which are most sensitive to wavelengths of light around 498 nm (green-blue) and are insensitive to wavelengths longer than about 640 nm (red). Scotopic vision occurs at luminance levels of 10^-2 to 10^-6 cd/m².

Mesopic Vision: is a combination of photopic vision and scotopic vision in low but not quite dark lighting situations. Mesopic light levels range from luminance of approximately 0.001 to 3 cd m^-2. Most night-time outdoor and traffic lighting scenarios are in the mesopic range. Photopic vision has excellent color discrimination ability, whereas colors are indescribable under scotopic vision. Mesopic vision falls between these two extremes. In most night-time environments, there is enough ambient light at night to prevent true scotopic vision.

Photopic Vision: is the vision of the eye under well-lit conditions. In humans and many other animals, photopic vision allows color perception, mediated by cone cells. The human eye uses three types of cones to sense light in three respective bands of color. The biological pigments of the cones have maximum absorption values at wavelengths of about 420 nm (blue), 534 nm (Bluish-Green), resp. 564 nm (Yellowish-Green). Their sensitivity ranges overlap to provide vision throughout the visible spectrum. The maximum efficacy is 683 lumens/W at a wavelength of 555 nm (green).